Very high doses in poor renal function (risk of neurotoxicity) or heart failure. Avoid contact, skin sensitization may occur. Monitor serum K concentration, renal and haematological status. Spirochete infections particularly syphilis; suprainfection with penicillin-resistant organisms with prolonged use; avoid intrathecal route. May cause oesophageal injury.
Indication
Acute uncomplicated cystitis, Chronic or recurrent bacteriuria
Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women OR Animal studies have shown an adverse effect, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in any trimester.
Mode of Action
Pivmecillinam has the antimicrobial activity of mecillinam to which it is hydrolysed in vivo. It interferes with the synthesis of bacterial cell wall. It is active against many gm-ve bacteria, esp Enterobacteriaceae including Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Salmonella and Shigella spp; indole-positive Proteus and Serratia marcescens are resistant. It is inactivated by beta-lactamases, but is more stable than ampicillin.
Interaction
Probenecid prolongs T1/2 of pivmecillinam. May cause prolonged bleeding when taken with anticoagulants. May decrease the efficacy of oral contraceptives. Increased risk of carnitine deficiency when used with valproate.
Pregnancy Category Note
N/A
Adult Dose
Oral
Acute uncomplicated cystitis
Adult: Initially 400 mg followed by 200 mg tid for 8 doses.
Chronic or recurrent bacteriuria
Adult: 400 mg 3-4 times daily.
Child Dose
Oral
Acute uncomplicated cystitis
Child: <40 kg with UTI: 20-40 mg/kg/day in 3-4 divided doses.
Chronic or recurrent bacteriuria
Child: <40 kg with UTI: 20-40 mg/kg/day in 3-4 divided doses.
Renal Dose
N/A
Administration
N/A
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