Indications:
Fever, Mild to moderate pain, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic low back pain, Renal stone pain, neuropathic pain, toothache, migraine, postoperative mild to moderate pain.
Pharmacology:
Paracetamol has analgesic and antipyretic properties, and its anti-inflammatory activity is weak. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is believed to act mainly on the central nervous system, increasing the pain threshold by inhibiting two subtypes of cyclooxygenase, COX1, COX2, and COX3, which are involved in the synthesis of prostaglandin (PG). Paracetamol is a derivative of p-aminophenol, has analgesic and antipyretic effects, and has weak anti-inflammatory activity. Paracetamol is one of the most widely used, safest and quick-acting analgesics. It is well tolerated and does not have various aspirin side effects.
Dosage (breakdown or, not) :
Adult:Â
 1-2 tablets every 4 to 6 hours up to a maximum of 4 gm (8 tablets) daily.
Child:Â
½ to 1 tablet 3 to 4 times daily. For long term treatment it is wise not to exceed the dose beyond 2.6 gm/day.
Administration:
Extended Release Tablet:
Interaction:
May reduce serum levels w/ anticonvulsants (e.g. phenytoin, barbiturates, carbamazepine). May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin and other coumarins w/ prolonged use. Accelerated absorption w/ metoclopramide and domperidone. May increase serum levels w/ probenecid. May increase serum levels of chloramphenicol. May reduce absorption w/ colestyramine w/in 1 hr of admin. May cause severe hypothermia w/ phenothiazine.
Contraindication:
Hypersensitivity.
Side Effects:Â
The side effects of paracetamol are usually mild, although hematological reactions including thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis have been reported. Occasionally, pancreatitis, skin rashes, and other allergic reactions occur.
Pregnancy:Â
Pregnancy Category B regulated by the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA). The drug should be used during pregnancy only when clearly necessary.
Precautions & Warnings:Â
Paracetamol should be used with caution in patients with renal or liver damage. Patients taking other drugs that affect the liver should use paracetamol with caution.
Storage Conditions:
Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.
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